What is bano qudsia?

Bano Qudsia (بانو قدسیہ; November 28, 1928 – February 4, 2017), also known as Bano Aapa, was a highly regarded Pakistani novelist, playwright and spiritualist. She is considered one of the most significant Urdu language writers of the 20th century.

• Early Life and Education: Born in Firozpur, British India, she migrated to Lahore after the partition of India in 1947. She received her bachelor's degree from Kinnaird College for Women and her master's degree in Urdu from Government College University, Lahore. There, she met and later married the renowned writer Ashfaq Ahmed.

• Literary Career: Qudsia's literary career spanned several decades, during which she produced a significant body of work. She is best known for her novel "Raja Gidh" (The Vulture King), a complex and allegorical story exploring themes of morality, societal decay, and forbidden love. Other notable works include Aatish-e-Zair-e-Paa, Aik Din, Amer Bail, Assey Passey, Chahar Chaman, Dast Basta, Footpath Ki Ghaas, Hasil Ghaat and Hawa Kay Naam. She also wrote several plays for television.

• Writing Style: Qudsia's writing is characterized by its philosophical depth, exploration of human psychology, and insightful commentary on Pakistani society. Her works often delve into complex moral and spiritual questions, challenging readers to confront uncomfortable truths about themselves and the world around them.

• Awards and Recognition: Bano Qudsia received numerous awards and accolades for her contributions to Urdu literature, including the Sitara-i-Imtiaz and Hilal-i-Imtiaz from the Government of Pakistan. Her work has been translated into several languages and continues to be studied and admired by readers and scholars around the world.